“Rosacea Prevention Guide: Lifestyle Changes & Triggers to Avoid”

Rosacea is a prevalent skin condition that is chronic and primarily affects the face, causing redness, and pimple-like bumps. It typically appears in adults and is more common in fair-skinned individuals of Northern European descent. Although it can be mistaken for acne, it has different characteristics and requires specific treatment approaches.

Rosacea is commonly known by its medical name, “rosacea.” However, it may also be referred to by other names such as “acne rosacea” or “adult acne.” These names highlight the resemblance of some rosacea symptoms to acne, even though they are distinct conditions.

The exact prevalence of rosacea in the USA can vary over time and across different studies.

Various Phases of Rosacea:

Rosacea typically progresses through different phases, and individuals may experience one or more of the following:

• Pre-Rosacea (Pre-rosacea or Pre-rosacea erythema): In this initial stage, individuals may experience facial flushing and intermittent redness. These early symptoms are often mistaken for sunburn, skin sensitivity, or other temporary conditions.
• Vascular Rosacea (Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea): In this phase, persistent facial redness becomes more apparent, and small blood vessels may become visible on the skin’s surface. The redness is usually located on the cheeks, nose, forehead, and chin. Flushing episodes may occur more frequently.
• Inflammatory Rosacea (Papulopustular Rosacea): This phase is characterized by the development of papules (small red bumps) and pustules (pus-filled bumps) on the red areas of the face. These symptoms are similar to acne, but without blackheads.
• Phymatous Rosacea: In some cases, if rosacea is left untreated, the skin may thicken and develop a bumpy texture, especially on the nose (rhinophyma).
• Ocular Rosacea: In this variant, the eyes are affected, leading to symptoms such as redness, dryness, irritation, and sensitivity to light. Ocular rosacea may occur independently or along with the skin manifestations.

The symptoms of rosacea include:

• Facial Redness: Persistent redness, often resembling a blush or sunburn.
• Papules and Pustules: Small red bumps and pus-filled bumps (pustules) resembling acne may develop on the red areas of the face. Unlike acne, blackheads are not typical in rosacea.
• Facial Flushing: Frequent or recurrent flushing or blushing episodes, triggered by various factors such as heat, spicy foods, alcohol, stress, or sun exposure.
• Eye Irritation: Ocular rosacea may cause symptoms such as dry, irritated, and bloodshot eyes. Individuals may experience a gritty sensation or a feeling that something is in their eyes.
• Sensitive Skin: The skin affected by rosacea may be more sensitive and prone to irritation.
• Dryness and Roughness: Rosacea-prone skin may become dry, rough, and appear scaly.

The prime cause is believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and inflammatory factors. Several contributing factors have been identified:

• Genetics: A family history of rosacea appears to play a role in its development. If you have close relatives with rosacea, you may have an increased risk of developing the condition.
• Abnormal Blood Vessels: Rosacea is associated with the dilation and enlargement of small blood vessels near the skin’s surface. The underlying cause of these vascular changes is not entirely clear.
• Immune System Response: Some researchers believe that an abnormal immune response or inflammation in the skin may contribute to the development of rosacea. This immune system dysfunction could lead to the characteristic redness and swelling seen in the condition.
• Demodex Mites: These tiny mites are a natural part of the human skin microbiome. However, in some individuals with rosacea, an overabundance of these mites, particularly Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, may trigger inflammation and worsen the condition.
• Environmental Triggers: Various environmental factors can trigger or exacerbate rosacea symptoms. Common triggers include sunlight, heat, cold weather, wind, hot beverages, spicy foods, alcohol, and certain skincare products.
• Blood Vessel Dysfunction: Dysfunction in the regulation of blood vessels in the face may contribute to the flushing and persistent redness associated with rosacea.
• Gut Health: Some research suggests a link between gut health and rosacea. Changes in the gut microbiome or gastrointestinal issues may influence the skin condition.
• Cathelicidin Peptides: In individuals with rosacea, an abnormal increase in cathelicidins may contribute to inflammation and blood vessel dilation.

Diagnosing rosacea typically involves a combination of a thorough medical history, tests, and evaluation of the characteristic symptoms.

• Medical History: The dermatologist will begin by asking you about your medical history, including any skin conditions you or your family members may have had. They will also inquire about your symptoms, triggers, and any previous treatments you may have tried.
• Physical Examination: The dermatologist will conduct a comprehensive examination of your skin, paying particular attention to the affected areas on your face. They will look for signs of redness, visible blood vessels, papules, pustules, and other characteristic features of rosacea.
• Symptom Assessment: The doctor will ask about your symptoms in detail, such as how often you experience flushing, the duration and intensity of redness, the presence of bumps, and any eye-related issues. They may also inquire about any triggers that seem to worsen your symptoms.
• Rule Out Other Conditions: The dermatologist will ensure that the symptoms are not indicative of other skin conditions.
• Dermoscopy: In some cases, the dermatologist may use a dermoscope, which is a handheld device with a magnifying lens and light, to examine the skin more closely and assess specific features of the condition.
• Ruling Out Ocular Rosacea: If you experience eye-related symptoms, the doctor may refer you to an ophthalmologist for a thorough examination of your eyes to determine if you have ocular rosacea.
• Biopsy (Rarely): A small sample of skin is taken for analysis under a microscope to rule out other skin conditions and confirm the diagnosis of rosacea.
• Triggers Assessment: The dermatologist may discuss potential triggers and suggest keeping a diary to identify factors that worsen your rosacea symptoms.

The treatment of rosacea aims to control and manage the symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent flare-ups. A dermatologist can recommend the most suitable treatment options for you. Here are some common approaches to relieve rosacea:

Topical Medications: Prescription topical medications can be effective in reducing redness, inflammation, and pimples associated with rosacea. These may include:

• Topical antibiotics: Such as azelaic acid, or clindamycin.
• Topical retinoids: To improve skin texture and reduce inflammation.
• Brimonidine gel: Helps to constrict blood vessels and reduce redness.

Oral Medications: In more severe cases or when topical treatments are insufficient, oral medications may be prescribed. These may include antibiotics (such as doxycycline or tetracycline) to reduce inflammation and control bacteria.
Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that worsen your rosacea symptoms, such as certain foods, alcohol, sun exposure, or extreme temperatures, can help prevent flare-ups.
Skincare Routine: Gentle skincare is essential for individuals with rosacea.
Eye Care: For those with ocular rosacea, your doctor may recommend artificial tears or other eye treatments to relieve eye irritation.
Cosmetics and Camouflage: Cosmetics formulated for sensitive skin can be used to camouflage redness and improve skin appearance. Green-tinted makeup can help neutralize redness.

Self-care plays a significant role in managing rosacea and preventing flare-ups. Here are some self-care tips and lifestyle changes that can help individuals with rosacea manage their condition effectively:

• Gentle Skincare Routine: Use mild, non-abrasive, and fragrance-free skincare products designed for sensitive skin. Avoid harsh cleansers, scrubs, and alcohol-based products that can irritate the skin. Gently pat your skin dry after washing; avoid rubbing.
• Moisturize Regularly: Keeping your skin well-hydrated can help improve its barrier function and reduce dryness. Choose a gentle, non-comedogenic moisturizer and apply it regularly, especially after washing your face.
• Cosmetics: If you use makeup, opt for products labeled “non-comedogenic” or “rosacea-friendly.” Green-tinted makeup can help neutralize redness. Always remove makeup gently and completely before bedtime.
• Avoid Overheating: Stay in a cool environment, and avoid exposure to high heat or steam, which can trigger flushing. Use a fan or air conditioning to regulate room temperature.
• Manage Stress: Stress can exacerbate rosacea symptoms in some individuals. Find stress-reduction techniques that work for you, such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, or spending time in nature.
• Careful Exercise: Engage in moderate exercise that doesn’t lead to excessive sweating or overheating. If exercising outdoors, choose cooler times of the day and protect your face from the sun.
• Avoid Irritating Substances: Avoid skincare products that contain alcohol, menthol, peppermint, eucalyptus oil, or witch hazel, as these can be irritating to the skin.
• Dermatologist Visits: Regularly follow up with your dermatologist to monitor your condition’s progress and adjust your treatment plan if needed.

Rosacea cannot be prevented entirely, especially if you have a genetic predisposition to the condition. However, adopting certain lifestyle habits and protective measures can help reduce the risk of developing rosacea and minimize the frequency and severity of flare-ups. Here are some preventive measures:

• Dietary Choices: While there’s no specific diet proven to prevent rosacea, some individuals find that avoiding certain foods, such as spicy and hot beverages, can help manage their symptoms. Pay attention to your diet and its potential effects on your skin.
• Limit Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol can trigger flushing and worsen rosacea symptoms in some people. Moderating alcohol consumption may help reduce flare-ups.
• Temperature and Environment: Avoid prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures, hot showers, saunas, and steam rooms, as these can trigger flushing.
• Cool Compresses: Applying cool compresses to your face can help soothe inflammation and redness.
• Choose Fragrance-Free Products: Products with added fragrances can trigger skin reactions; opt for fragrance-free options whenever possible.
• Keep a Diary: Maintain a diary to track flare-ups and potential triggers, helping you identify patterns over time.
• Stay Hygienic: Keep your face clean using a mild cleanser, and avoid using harsh soaps that can disrupt your skin’s natural balance.

It is essential to see a doctor, preferably a dermatologist, if you experience any of the following warning signs or symptoms related to rosacea:

• Persistent Facial Redness: If you notice persistent redness on your face, especially on the cheeks, nose, forehead, or chin, which doesn’t go away, it could be a sign of rosacea.
• Bumps and Pimples: If you have recurrent pimples, papules (small red bumps), or pustules (pus-filled bumps) on your facial skin, particularly in the central areas, it could be a sign of rosacea.
• Flushing Episodes: Frequent or recurring facial flushing or blushing, especially when triggered by certain factors like heat, spicy foods, alcohol, or stress, can be a warning sign of rosacea.
• Eye Irritation: If you experience dry, itchy, irritated, or bloodshot eyes, or a gritty feeling in your eyes, it might be an indication of ocular rosacea.
• Skin Sensitivity: If your facial skin is sensitive, easily irritated, or prone to stinging or burning sensations, it may be associated with rosacea.
• Thickened Skin: If you notice thickening of the skin, especially on the nose (rhinophyma) or other facial areas, it could be a sign of advanced rosacea.
• Worsening Symptoms: If you experience a sudden or gradual worsening of facial redness, bumps, or other rosacea symptoms, it’s essential to seek medical attention.
• Self-Care Measures Not Working: If you have tried self-care measures and over-the-counter treatments for facial redness, but your symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor.
• Concerns about Cosmetics: If you are worried about the effect of makeup or skincare products on your rosacea-prone skin, seek professional advice on suitable products.
• Family History: If you have a family history of rosacea, you may be at a higher risk of developing the condition, so it’s advisable to consult a doctor for early assessment.

• Online Consultations: Ongo Care offers virtual consultations with experienced dermatologists specializing in rosacea.
• Expert Advice: The Ongo Care Team provides expert advice on managing rosacea, including personalized treatment plans tailored to individual needs and severity of symptoms.
• Prescription Refills: For patients already on rosacea medications, Ongo Care can facilitate prescription refills, ensuring continuity of treatment without the need for in-person visits.
• Remote Monitoring: Ongo Care enables continuous monitoring of rosacea symptoms and progress through secure digital platforms, allowing doctors to adjust treatment as needed.
• Symptom Tracking: Patients can log their rosacea symptoms and triggers on the Ongo Care app, aiding doctors in identifying patterns and providing more targeted care.
• Education and Resources: Ongo Care offers educational resources on rosacea management, self-care tips, and lifestyle changes to help patients better understand and control their condition.
• Privacy and Security: Ongo Care prioritizes patient privacy and uses secure platforms to ensure confidential handling of medical information and consultations.
• Accessible Support: Patients can reach the Ongo Care Team through various communication channels, including video calls, chat, and emails, making assistance readily available.
• Convenient Appointments: Ongo Care offers flexible appointment scheduling, accommodating different time zones and work schedules to cater to patients’ needs.

Frequently Asked Questions